East Java (Indonesian: Jawa Timur, Javanese: Jawa Wétan) is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the eastern part of the island of Java and also includes neighboring Madura and islands to the east of it, as well as the Bawean islands. The administrative center of the province is located in Surabaya, the second largest city in Indonesia and a major industrial center and port.
Population
According to the 2000 census, East Java has 34 million inhabitants, second only to West Java among Indonesian provinces. The inhabitants consist of mostly Javanese. Native minorities include migrants from nearby Madura, and distinct Javanese ethnicities such as the Tengger people in Bromo, the Samin and the Osing people in Banyuwangi. East Java also hosts a significant population of other ethnic groups, such as Chinese, Indians, and Arabs. In addition to the national language, Indonesian, they also speak Javanese. Javanese spoken in the western part of East Java is a recognizably similar dialect to the one spoken in nearby Central Java, with its hierarchy of high, medium, and low registers. But in the eastern cities of Surabaya, Malang, and surrounding areas, the people speak a more egalitarian version of Javanese, with much less regard for hierarchy and a richer vocabulary for vulgarity.
In addition to that, Madurese is spoken by around 15 millions of Madurese, concentrated in Madura Island, Kangean Islands, Masalembu Islands, Eastern part of East Java, and East Java main cities.
Religion
The main religion used to be Hinduism and Buddhism. With the arrival of Islam, Hinduism was gradually pushed out in the 14th and 15th century. The last nobles and remainders of the fallen empire of Majapahit fled from this point to Bali. This comes from earlier history, when Islam spread from northern cities in Java where many traders from Gujarat, India visited, bringing Islam. The eastern part of East Java, from Surabaya to Pasuruan, then following various cities along the coast line, and turning back in Banyuwangi to Jember, is well known as the "horseshoe area" in context with earlier Muslim communities living there.
Administrative areas
East Java is administratively divided into 29 regencies (or kabupaten) and 9 cities (or kotamadya).
Regencies (seat):
- Java and Bawean island.
- Banyuwangi
- Blitar
- Bojonegoro
- Bondowoso
- Gresik
- Jember
- Jombang
- Kediri
- Lamongan
- Lumajang
- Madiun
- Magetan
- Malang
- Mojokerto
- Nganjuk
- Ngawi
- Pacitan
- Pasuruan
- Ponorogo
- Probolinggo
- Sidoarjo
- Situbondo
- Trenggalek
- Tuban
- Tulungagung
- Madura and Kangean Islands
Cities:
Culinary
Culinary from East Java have more "salty" taste than Central Java.
Rujak Cingur, traditional dish from East Java.
Arts and culture
Art
East Java has a number of distinctive artistry. Ludruk is one of the easterlies Javanese art is very well known, namely the stage of art that generally all players are male. Unlike ketoprak which tells the life of the palace, ludruk told the daily life of ordinary people, who are often spiced with humor and social criticism, and generally opened with Dance Remo and parikan . Currently traditional ludruk groups can be found in the area of Surabaya, Mojokerto, Jombang and, despite getting beaten with the modernization of its existence.
Reog who had claimed to be the dance of Malaysia is a unique art Ponorogo which has been patented since 2001 , reog now also became icons East Javanese art. Staging reog horse accompanied with braids ( kuda lumping ), accompanied supernatural elements. Another well-known art of East Java, among others, Java-style shadow puppets purwa easterlies, masks mastermind in Madura, and besutan . In areas Mataraman, Middle Javanese arts such as ketoprak and wayang kulit are popular. Famous legends from East Java, among others Damarwulan and Angling Darma .
Traditional dances in East Java in general can be grouped in the middle of Java style, style easterlies Java, Javanese dance styles Osing, and trian Madura style. Classical dances such as dance gambyong, srimpi dance, dance Bondan, and rover.
Culture and customs
Culture and customs of the Javanese people in the western part of East Java received a lot of influence from the Middle Java, so that this region is known as Mataraman; indicates that the area was once the domain of the Sultanate of Mataram . ex-Kediri Residency (Kediri, Tulungagung, Blitar, Psychology) and partially Bojonegoro. Western coastal area of East Java is heavily influenced by Islamic culture. This area covers an area of Tuban, Lamongan, and Gresik. Formerly the northern coast of East Java is the entrance area and the center of the development of Islamic religion. Five of the nine members of the Walisongo buried in this area.
Residency in the region of ex-Surabaya (including Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, and Jombang) and Malang, has little cultural influence Mataraman, considering this area quite far from the cultural center of Java: Surakarta and Yogyakarta. Mores in the horseshoe region is heavily influenced by the culture of Madura, given the Madurese population in this region. Osing community mores is a cultural blend of Java, Madura, and Bali. While customs Tenggerese heavily influenced by Hindu culture.
Transportation
East Java has a system of land transportation, sea and air. River in East Java generally can not navigable, except in Surabaya can be passed a small boat.
Tourist attraction of Mount Bromo is one of the very well known by foreign and domestic tourists. Seeing the sunrise and watch crater is not the only choice, because Mount Bromo (and Mount Semeru) is the center of the Tengger National Park Area, which means that there are many more objects which can be witnessed in the complex.
As a plateau with a beautiful panorama, ever since colonial times Malang has been known as a resting place with the nickname Switzerland of Indonesia and the Paris of East Java. Evidenced by the many wonderful parks and buildings of European architecture which is still maintained. The many interesting sights supported comprehensive facilities such as Hotels, Travel, Shopping Malls, Banks, Souvenir Shop and Craft making as the city of Malang Tourism is ready to serve both domestic and international tourism activities.
Bull racing on Madura in the form of a pair of cows with exciting train named Kleres, tenpat jockey pair of cows standing and controlling the race ran on time. Race held in August to mid October, on Sundays, at 9:00 pm. trophy is the trophy which the President, the races in Pamekasan, Madura.
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